Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve and is a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis, inflammatory-demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological disease, chronic and disabling that mainly affects young adults. Histologically characterized by inflammation and demyelination of nerve fibers and axonal degeneration.

Although the exact cause of the disease, we know that it is an autoimmune disease. This means that produce immune system cells attack the body's own structures, in this case myelin.