Myopia is a condition of refraction in which distant objects are focused in front of the retina instead of on it. This causes these objects vision is blurry. High myopia or myopia is an ocular pathology present in patients with more than 6 diopters or greater anterior-posterior axis of 26 mm. In high myopia there is excessive elongation of the eyeball that leads to an abnormal stretching of all structures, with particular impact on the retina, which can be thinned. The main complications that can undergo vitreoretinal such patients include retinal detachment, choroidal neovascularization, chorioretinal atrophy and submacular hemorrhage. Early diagnosis of various complications, significantly modifies the visual prognosis of patients with myopia.