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Symptoms of retinal detachment: how to identify them in time
29/09/2025
Retinal detachment is a common and potentially serious eye condition that occurs when the retina, a light-sensitive intraocular tissue located at the back of the eye, separates from its normal position. This phenomenon interrupts the supply of blood and nutrients to the retina, which can result in permanent loss of vision if not treated properly and promptly.
Main symptoms of retinal detachment
Symptoms may vary between patients, but there are key warning signs that should be recognised. Identifying them early can make the difference between preserving or losing sight.
| Symptom |
Description |
|
Flashes of light (photopsias) or flickering lights |
This symptom is often an early sign of retinal detachment. The flashes or photopsias are more noticeable at night, become more intense with eye movement, and indicate that there is traction of the vitreous on the retina. |
|
Sudden appearance of moving spots or an increase in “floaters” |
This symptom is linked to the movement of the vitreous gel that fills the eyeball. Sudden separation of the vitreous (posterior vitreous detachment) may, in some cases, cause one or multiple tears in the retina and consequently lead to retinal detachment. |
| Loss of peripheral vision or perception of a fixed shadow |
This shadow typically increases in size over several hours and indicates that the retina is detaching. |
What to do if these symptoms appear
Any sudden change in vision should be assessed by an ophthalmologist. In particular, if the symptoms described occur, it is essential to seek urgent care at a specialist centre.
Treatment is surgical and carried out by a vitreoretinal surgeon, with the aim of repositioning the retina and preventing irreversible damage to vision.
Importance of early diagnosis
Retinal detachment is not painful, so diagnosis relies entirely on recognising visual symptoms. Early treatment can:
- Prevent progression of the detachment.
- Protect against loss of central vision.
- Improve the likelihood of full visual recovery.
Frequently asked questions
- Do all flashes mean retinal detachment?
Not always, but they should be assessed by a doctor to rule out potentially serious conditions. - Can retinal detachment be prevented?
Not in all cases, but there are predisposing lesions that can be treated if detected during regular eye check-ups, which help achieve early diagnosis. - Does surgery guarantee complete recovery?
It depends on how long the detachment has been present and how extensive it is. When central vision is affected, the outlook is less favourable. - Can I drive if I notice floaters?
If they are recent and multiple, it is advisable not to drive until you have been examined. - What tests are used to diagnose it?
Examination of the back of the eye and wide-field fundus photography. In some cases, OCT (optical coherence tomography) and ocular ultrasound can also be useful.
If you experience any sudden visual symptom — such as flashes, floaters, or peripheral shadows — it is vital to act quickly. At the Barraquer Ophthalmology Centre we have leading retina specialists to provide you with an accurate diagnosis and state-of-the-art surgical treatment.
Dr. Javier Elizalde, vitreoretinal surgeon at the Barraquer Ophthalmology Centre